We are aware of the recent statements made by Secretary Kennedy and President Trump regarding a possible causal link between Tylenol (acetaminophen) and autism. Autism arises from a combination of genetic and environmental influences, and conditions this complex are rarely explained by a single factor. It is also not one uniform condition, but has many different presentations across individuals. The rise in autism diagnoses reflects many influences, including evolving diagnostic criteria, increased awareness among physicians and parents, and greater willingness to seek a diagnosis given improved therapies and support.
Any search for answers must never be seen as an attempt to place blame on parents—especially mothers—nor should it diminish the value and contributions of those who live with autism.
The general consensus in the scientific community is that there is insufficient evidence to conclude that acetaminophen causes autism. Several small studies have suggested possible associations, while others have not. The largest study to date, conducted in Sweden and including 2.4 million children born between 1995 and 2019, found no link between acetaminophen use in pregnancy and autism. Importantly, there are many confounding factors in this research, including the reasons why women take the medication. Fever, for example, is itself associated with pregnancy complications, particularly in the first trimester.
There are a few small studies looking at leucovorin in autism, but the data are preliminary and far from conclusive. It would be premature to view it as either a treatment or prevention, and further research is warranted. Starting treatments before sufficient data exist has often led to unintended adverse outcomes, and caution is warranted.
The bottom line is that more research is needed. At Capital Women’s Care, we strive to remain unbiased and to practice medicine with empathy, thoughtfulness, and the best available evidence. We look forward to one day having clearer answers to many of the questions that remain, including those surrounding autism. In the meantime, we join the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and many other medical organizations in stating that acetaminophen is considered a safe option for pain and fever during pregnancy.